Varicose veins are a common pathological process that accompanies varicose veins, nodules and blood stasis. The internal varicose veins on the legs are characterized by the nodular structure of the venous vessels on the epidermis. There are no symptoms in the initial stage of the disease. Many people have a question about what the treatment for this disease should be.
What is this disease?
Varicose veins of the lower extremities are a very dangerous disease that can be fatal. This is a pathological lesion of the organs of the circulatory system. With the complication of the disease, an irreversible process of stretching and stretching of the veins is observed.
Nodules begin to form in the capillaries that interfere with normal blood flow. With varicose veins of the deep veins, the walls of the vessels expand so much that the operation of the valve worsens. For this reason, the blood begins to stagnate in the legs.The disease mainly affects people between the ages of 30 and 40.
Reasons for development
The causes of this disease can be very different. Among them are:
- hereditary factors (possible congenital anomaly or venous cell weakness);
- is more common in women (in women the disease is observed much more often due to the use of hormonal drugs, the risk is also increased due to delayed childbirth);
- increased intravenous pressure (this is due to an inactive lifestyle, in the presence of excess weight);
- presence of neuroendocrine changes; mechanical obstacles to normal blood circulation (this can be alleviated by constant compression of the limbs);
- presence of allergic reactions;
- changes in the immune system;
- venous system valve disorders;
- this pathology may begin to develop due to cellulite or dermatitis.
Before starting treatment, it is necessary to determine the underlying cause of the disease. An experienced phlebologist will help you with that.
Symptoms and manifestations of internal varicose veins
It is important to see a doctor on timeif varicose veins of the lower extremities appear. The symptoms of this disease in the phase of only the formation of varicose veins will be as follows:
- there is swelling of the extremities by the end of the day(this symptom is observed on the ankles and feet, edema may occur in the lower half of the lower leg);
- the patient experiences a feeling of heaviness in the area of the lower leg muscles(a feeling of satiety occurs after a long walk or standing, this symptom may appear after a long stay in a sitting position).
A characteristic feature of this disease is the fact thatafter rest all symptoms disappear without a trace.It also decreases after a long rest.
During the period of gradual development of varicose veins, the following symptoms will begin to appear:
- in the area of the lower leg muscles, moderate pains begin to appear, such pains are dull and painful;
- local burning sensation and fatigue;
- excessive dryness of the skin appears, pigmentation spots and hardening of the skin begin to appear;
- cramps very often at night;
- spider veins begin to appear on the epidermis;
- the internal veins on the legs, the photographs of which are presented below, begin to dilate considerably, and by their appearance look like clusters;
- it is possible to create subtle wounds that heal over a long period of time.
Important!Untimely treatment of this disease can bring many complications to the patient. In some cases, death is possible.
After some time, eczema and trophic ulcers begin to appear. Such symptoms very easily turn into gangrene. All this can cause limb amputation, sepsis or death.
The most dangerous consequence is the appearance of a thrombus with its subsequent separation. This becomes the death of the patient.
Symptoms and treatment of latent varicose veins is the issue that worries patients the most.
Treatment Methods
Treatment of varicose veins is carried out conservatively and quickly. Treatment of internal veins in the legs, whose symptoms can manifest in different ways, is carried out only after a preliminary diagnosis.The following techniques can be used:
- compression;
- scleropathy;
- medicines;
- surgically.
Compression methodstreat help in coping with the disease at an early stage. This method of therapy involves wearing special compression underwear every day.
In case of scleropathy, the vein is clogged. This is due to the introduction of sclerosis preparations into it. After such actions, the blood can easily move through the capillaries without any difficulties.
Conservative medicine is effective only if the first signs of the disease appear. Of the drugs, venotonics are prescribed to patients. They help strengthen the walls of blood vessels as much as possible.
Self-medication of internal varicose veins whose symptoms can be mild and vice versa is prohibited.
Prevention
In order to prevent the formation of varicose processes, it is necessary to know the basic causes of this disease and prevent their development. Preventive measures are as follows:
- Constant physical activity is necessary (People who lead an inactive lifestyle are much more susceptible to disease. There is no need to exhaust yourself with exercise and you should avoid excessive exertion. You just need to do light gymnastics. It is important to avoid lifting heavy objects. In casesedentary work, it is necessary to take breaks from time to time, get up and exercise so that the blood circulates normally. );
- when sitting, it is forbidden to cross your legs;
- give up all bad habits;
- pay attention to diet, refuse too greasy and salty;
- to take therapeutic measures in relation to endocrine disorders, they lead to the development of varicose veins;
- use only loose shoes that do not shrink (it is necessary to ensure free blood circulation, as well as limit yourself in shoes with heels);
- bathe in sea baths, but it is necessary to eliminate solar overheating.
Conclusion
It should be noted that if at least one symptom of this disease manifests itself, it is necessary to urgently consult a specialist. The doctor will prescribe diagnostic procedures and prescribe appropriate treatment. Delay threatens complications.
From the above we can summarize that hidden varicose vein is a very dangerous disease that can have unwanted consequences. For this reason, if at least one symptom occurs, it is necessary to seek medical help. Only a specialist will be able to choose the necessary treatment.
Internal varicose veins in the legs: symptoms and treatment
The geography of varicose veins covers almost all countries of the world, it is one of the oldest diseases known to mankind. According to medical statistics, varicose veins of the lower extremities and pelvic organs occur in 15-17% of the population. Today, patients with this diagnosis make up approximately 4% of all patients in surgical clinics. According to scientists, this disease is a kind of payment to humanity for the ability to walk upright. Let’s examine what internal varicose veins are, the main symptoms of the disease, and effective treatment.
Explanation of the disease
The development of internal varicose veins in the legs is one of the most dangerous types of disease, which is manifested in the pathological dilation of blood vessels located deep under the skin in the tissues.
Unfortunately, this disease often affects young people of working age, and in women the symptoms are much more common. Internal varicose veins on the legs are often accompanied by external ones in the form of strongly protruding tuberous veins with a pronounced bluish color.
These symptoms of varicose veins make treatment difficult. The appearance of the legs with varicose nodes is presented in numerous photographs from medical sites.
Varicose veins in the legs can be an independent pathology, but it is most often caused by other diseases, so it is common in modern medicine to divide varicose veins into primary and secondary. The cause of primary varicose veins of the deep veins of the legs is the weakness of the venous wall or its functional pathologies, which also cause varicose veins of the pelvic organs. Among the main causes of the disease are:
- Pregnancy.
- Overweight, morbid obesity.
- Long load on the lower extremities, constant work on the legs or associated with constant heavy lifting.
- Hereditary or congenital weakness of the connective tissue of various organs.
- Long walks in high heels and wearing socks with narrow elastic bands.
- In elderly patients, the formation of internal varicose veins can be caused by hormonal changes in the body.
The development of secondary internal varicose veins is a consequence of changes in the process of venous blood outflow in various diseases:
- Postthrombophlebic syndrome.
- Deep vein valve failure.
- Tumors of organs of various etiologies. Injuries to limbs and other organs.
The treatment of primary and secondary varicose veins is different.
Key Features
The consequences of undiagnosed internal varicose veins can be very serious, so it is necessary to pay attention to the first symptoms of the disease, especially since they are visually very clear compared to other forms of the disease. The main symptoms of internal varicose veins of the lower extremities are manifested in the following:
- The pain in the lower leg muscles is very strong, often unbearable so much that the patient is forced to take regular painkillers. These symptoms are the reason for emergency medical care.
- The venous pattern on the lower extremities in the thigh area becomes pronounced, the veins become strongly convex and tuberous, easily recognized by palpation.
- The venous pattern acquires a cyanotic color, turning black in places, sometimes crimson.
- The lower limbs are very swollen and the swelling does not decrease after a night’s sleep.
- In the evening, after a working day on the legs, the patient feels frequent cramps in the muscle leaves.
All these symptoms significantly worsen the quality of life of the patient and require urgent medical attention, sometimes it is only surgical treatment of the veins.
Clinical presentation
The severity of the symptoms of internal varicose veins depends on the stage of the disease.
In the initial phase, no pathological changes are detected on the walls of blood vessels, patients have swelling of the legs by the end of the working day and heaviness in the legs, but after a night's rest, these unpleasant sensations disappear.
Some patients have mild pastyness, this stage of the disease is called "intradermal varicose vein". If treatment is started at this stage of the disease, then the prognosis is very favorable, since the venous valve system has not yet changed and copes with the load, the pathological symptoms will quickly disappear.
In the second phase of the disease, edema of the lower extremities becomes permanent, patients complain of constant weight in the legs and increased fatigue. The manifestations of internal varicose veins in this phase of the disease are also indicated by constant cramps in the calf muscles and cold extremities.
A photograph in medical publications shows that blood vessels begin to appear on the skin on the inside of the thigh, but the areas of their appearance are not painful on palpation. At this stage, the formation of varicose veins begins, and there may be bleeding from them.
These symptoms worsen very quickly, and if left untreated, the disease progresses to the next stage.
The third stage of varicose veins of the legs is already visually well defined, this can be seen in the photo from various medical sources.
Varicose veins and enlargement of the sacs caused by severe circulatory disorders are already well defined under the skin on the leaves and on the inside of the thighs.
At this stage, in addition to the appearance of nodules, the patient also has fragility and hair loss, dry skin, constant cramps in the muscle leaves.
The fourth stage of the disease already includes serious complications (bleeding, ulcer, etc. ), which can be fatal. You need to start treating the disease right away, without waiting for the terrible symptoms.
Complications
These include the following:
Trophic ulcers of the skin of the feet.
This is a very painful complication for the patient, because trophic ulcers heal very slowly, and the patient experiences constant itching and burning at the sites of their localization.
The photo clearly shows that the ulcers have a round shape, bright colors and with different types of secretions: purulent, hemorrhagic or serous discharge. They appear on the leaves and on the inner side of the thigh.
Competent and timely therapy begins with scars on ulcers, but if help is lacking or not provided in a quality way, the patient can develop gangrene followed by limb amputation. Death is also possible.
Traumatic bleeding.
Massive bleeding can occur due to rupture of a vessel due to thinning of the venous wall under a constant rise in blood pressure or due to minor trauma. This syndrome is especially dangerous because bleeding can lead to the death of the patient.
Thrombosis is the result of congestion and inflammation in the veins of the lower extremities. Thrombosis can be visually manifested only in swelling of the legs and severe pain in it.
The formation of external venous nodes, thrombosis is accompanied by severe pain in the area of thrombus formation, tenderness of the veins on palpation and fever in the area of thrombosis.
Thrombosis is very dangerous for the patient's life and requires urgent hospitalization and treatment, because it can cause a heart attack and blockage of the pulmonary artery.
Principles of therapy
It is very difficult to treat internal varicose veins on the legs, and the effectiveness of the therapy largely depends on the stage of the disease.
General principles of treatment of the disease include normalization of hormonal levels, optimization of physical activity and adherence to diet.
If the patient is obese, it is necessary to develop a method of weight loss and monitor its application. In order to normalize the vascular tone of the lower extremities, the use of compression stockings is recommended.
The most effective method of treatment is surgery whose technique is well developed in modern surgery. A possible complication of the operation is bleeding from a vein, but the risk is low.
If for some reason surgical intervention is impossible, for example, if the patient is afraid that he will start life-threatening bleeding, treatment is carried out medically using the following groups of drugs:
- Antiplatelet agents - to dilute the blood and prevent blood clots.
- Phlebotonics - to normalize blood circulation and prevent edema.
- Nitrates - to relieve pain symptoms.
- Angioprotectors - to normalize vascular tone.
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - to reduce the possibility of platelet adhesion and relieve pain.
Many sources recommend treating varicose veins with folk remedies, on the Internet you can find many photos of calves and thighs in the style of "before" and "after" on sites that promote traditional medicine and guarantee 100% recovery. Doctors are very wary of such drugs and warn that they can only be used as part of a complex therapy.
Internal varicose veins on the lower extremities are a serious systemic disease that requires timely and qualified treatment. The first alarming symptoms cannot be ignored. The sooner the patient seeks medical attention, the more effective the treatment will be.
Main characteristic symptoms
Experts distinguish three phases of varicose veins of the lower extremities - compensation, subcompensation and decompensation.
Suitable for light, medium and heavy flow. In some cases, more than a year passes between the onset of the disease and the onset of symptoms.
There is virtually no reason to worry during compensation. Minor limb pain is possible during severe excessive body strain. Distal swelling that subsides after sleep.
Some people report feeling like spiders or geese are crawling down their legs. This is due to impaired blood flow and tissue trophism.
The deep vein apparatus is mostly intact. Visible superficial changes on the skin and veins are usually not noticed.
Subcompensation is characterized by a more serious clinical picture. Pain occurs more and more often. They carry the sharp pain of a dagger. A simple touch can be hard work.
Patients cannot walk normally. The usual shopping trip is corrected to the last.
The legs swell to a great extent, exceeding the normal volume of the leg by one and a half times. Such swelling often does not subside even after prolonged sleep. Traces of depressed toes remain on the lower legs. Many people notice cramps in the muscle leaves.
During decompensation there are often signs of bleeding, thrombophlebitis and thrombosis, trophic ulcers.
Complications caused by the development of internal varicose veins
The most common complication of varicose veins is bleeding. If not diagnosed in time, it can be fatal. Even minor bleeding from varicose veins of the lower extremities can cause irreparable damage. Stopping such a malfunction with the usual pressure bend often fails. Many surgeons perform ligation of blood vessels or their coagulation.
The second most common complication is the addition of infections with the development of trophic ulcers. Due to the reduction of tissue trophism, abscesses do not heal for a long time, and a chronic purulent focus is formed.
It is accompanied by general intoxication of the body, fever, profuse sweating. Such wounds need to heal for a very long time. It depends on the degree of trophic disorder of the tissue and the depth of the lesion.
Ulcers should not be bandaged often, as this can cause the crust to crack and lead to the re-formation of an open wound.
The next most common complication is deep vein thrombosis. With poor motor function, blood stagnates and the risk of blood clots increases, which in turn can cause pulmonary embolism.
Vascular surgeons are more afraid of a floating thrombus, because its distal part tends to break and lead to embolism.
Treatment Methods
Treatment of internal varicose veins of the lower extremities takes place in several stages.
Drug therapy is the most popular direction that can be used in all stages of varicose veins, as well as for the prevention of vascular problems.
The basis of conservative treatment is the intake of venotonic drugs. They help strengthen the vascular wall, increase its elasticity and reduce blood stagnation. It is better to apply them internally and also externally at the site of the lesion.
There are several classes of underwear used for different stages of the disease. Many models will be able to satisfy the individual desire of each person, I have only positive reviews.
When worn under clothing, do not cause discomfort or irritation.
Proper and balanced diet is one of the important points in the treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities. It is necessary to radically limit the consumption of salt and large amounts of fluids. It is desirable to use natural fruit drinks and juices.
The diet should be strictly in line with human energy expenditure and contain fewer calories to avoid being overweight. You should limit yourself to consuming fatty and fried foods, spicy and sour. Preference should be given to vegetables and fruits. Include seafood, fermented milk and products that contain digestible carbohydrates in your diet.
In case of inefficiency of conservative therapy methods, they resort to surgical techniques. This includes both invasive and minimally invasive treatments.
Pathology Prevention
Knowing how dangerous varicose veins are, many want to prevent its occurrence in advance. To do this, you do not need to follow strict rules, you just need to normalize your lifestyle.
The main preventive measure is regular physical activity.
You can do gymnastics, yoga, walking, swimming or even dancing to reduce the risk of developing many diseases.
In addition, it is advisable to completely or at least partially give up bad habits. It is recommended to regulate your work and rest schedule to give your body at least a short break.
It would be helpful to adjust your diet with the exception of fried, fatty, smoked, sour, overly spicy or salty foods. You need to eat more vegetables and fruits.
Regular contrast showers and relaxing foot baths are good preventative measures.